Predict how the operation of this exponentiator circuit will be affected as a result of the following faults. Consider each fault independently (i.e. one at a time, no multiple faults):



Resistor R1 fails open:

Solder bridge (short) across resistor R1:

Diode D1 fails open:

Diode D1 fails shorted:

For each of these conditions, explain why the resulting effects will occur.